- proposition : (C.) a statement that consists of a carefully considered opinion or judgment
- Most people accept the proposition that we have a duty to protect endangered animals. - deficiency : (U.) a lack of something that is necessary
- a deficiency of safe play areas for children - historians : (C.) someone who studies history, or the history of a particular thing
- at any rate = anyway
: used when you are stating one definite fact in a situation that is uncertain or unsatisfactor
: used to introduce a statement that is more important than what was said before - venture : (Vt.) to say or do something in an uncertain way because you are afraid it is wrong or will seem stupid
- "You are on a holiday here?" he ventured. - corporate : (adj. before noun) belonging or relating to a corporation
- The company is moving its corporate headquarters (=main offices) from New York to Houston. - hoard : (Vt.) to collect and save large amounts of food, money etc, especially when it is not necessary to do so
- families who hoarded food during the strike - concedes : (Vt. & Vi.) to admit that something is true or correct, although you wish it were not true
- I conceded that I had made a number of errors. - pile up : to increase in quantity or amount, in a way that is difficult to manage
- The word has a tendency to pile up if I am not careful. - mattress : (C.) the soft part of a bed that you lie on
- aggregate : (adj.) being the total amount of something after all the figures or points have been added together
- straw man : (American English) a weak opponent or imaginary argument that can easily be defeated
- refute : (Vt. formal) to prove that a statement or idea is not correct = rebut
- an attempt to refute Darwin's theory
- (U.) refutation
: to say that a statement is wrong or unfair = deny
- She refutes any allegations of malpractice. - cripple : (Vt.) to damage something badly so that it no longer works or is no longer effective
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Say's Law, the proposition that income must be spent and hence that there can never be an overall deficiency of demand.
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